Introduction to Pneumatic Conveying
Pneumatic conveying, also known as air flow conveying, utilizes the energy of air flow to transport materials in a closed pipeline along the direction of the air flow. It places materials in air with a certain speed, conveys them to the receiving point through the pipeline, and then separates the materials to achieve the purpose of material transportation.
The equipment required for a pneumatic conveying system has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can convey materials horizontally, vertically or obliquely. During the conveying process, it can also simultaneously perform physical operations such as heating, cooling, drying and air classification of materials, or certain chemical operations.
The pneumatic conveying system is a sealed conveying system, equipped with manual control or automatic control system, which can realize unmanned control of the entire system and cooperate with PLC automatic control.
Application Fields and Transportable Materials
chemical industry
Suitable for enclosed conveying of resins, dyes, additives, catalysts, powder materials, and chemical intermediates, it is dust-proof, environmentally friendly, safe, and reliable.
Power and energy industry
Suitable for long-distance stable transportation of fly ash, lime powder, desulfurizer, coal powder, and other powders.
Plastics industry
Suitable for continuous automatic conveying of plastic granules, resin raw materials, recycled materials, etc.
Metallurgical industry
It is suitable for conveying cooled materials such as mineral powder, iron powder, aluminum powder, slag, and metal powder.
Building materials industry
It is suitable for efficient conveying of building materials such as cement, quartz sand, lime powder, and gypsum powder.
Food industry
Suitable for hygienic conveying of food-grade materials such as flour, powdered sugar, milk powder, and cereal grains.
Pharmaceutical industry
Suitable for clean conveying of powdered medicine, small granular raw materials, and mixed powders.
Agricultural processing
Suitable for automatic conveying of agricultural products such as grain, feed, cereals, and seeds.
Port and logistics transshipment
It is suitable for the loading and unloading of bulk powders and granular materials, as well as long-distance pipeline transportation.
Other Fields
Most powder and granular materials.
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Pneumatic Conveying System
Air power source equipment
Roots blowers, air compressors, centrifugal fans, and gas storage tanks provide a stable and continuous gas supply for the system. Among them, the Roots blower serves as the core power equipment of the pneumatic conveying system, ensuring stable air volume and pressure output.
Conveying pipeline system
Closed conveying pipelines, wear-resistant elbows and tees, auxiliary purging pipelines, and bypass valves ensure smooth and leak-free conveyance of materials within the pipelines.
Conveyor feeder equipment
The rotary feeder valve, bin pump, AV-type pneumatic conveying pump, and sealed feeding device ensure continuous and stable material feeding into the conveying pipeline.
Material receiving equipment
The silo, buffer bin, dust collector, cyclone separator, and unloading device achieve efficient separation and collection of materials and airflow.
Safety monitoring device
Pressure gauges, safety valves, level gauges, pressure reducing valves, and pressure sensors monitor the system's operating status in real time, ensuring safe and stable operation.
Automatic control system
It supports manual operation, PLC intelligent control, and linkage with central control systems, enabling automated operation, remote monitoring, and fault alarms for the entire production line. This reduces labor costs and enhances production efficiency.
Auxiliary and supporting equipment
Dust removal systems, mixing devices, metering devices, heating or cooling units, and gas path accessories meet the conveying needs under different process conditions.
Advantages of Pneumatic Conveying
With its large conveying capacity, long distance, and high speed, it can achieve continuous conveyance over long distances with multi-point loading and unloading;
Closed conveying throughout the entire process, with no dust leakage, meets environmental protection and safe production requirements;
The pipeline layout is flexible, occupies a small area, and adapts to complex factory conditions;
The system boasts a compact structure, with wear-resistant design for key components, ensuring stable operation and convenient maintenance;
It can achieve quantitative and continuous conveying, meeting the needs of automated production;
It supports both decentralized feeding and centralized conveying, and can utilize inert gas for conveying special or easily oxidizable materials.
Disadvantages of Pneumatic Conveying
The system has relatively high energy consumption, necessitating reasonable selection and optimization of operating parameters;
The pipeline and elbows are worn, and wear-resistant structures need to be configured according to the material characteristics;
There are certain adaptability requirements for the materials being conveyed, and special design is required for oversized particles or highly viscous materials;
Materials with high moisture content, strong viscosity, or prone to generating static electricity require anti-adhesion, anti-static, and anti-blocking measures.
What are the different methods of pneumatic conveying of materials?
Positive Pressure Conveying
Positive pressure conveying is a conveying method that utilizes a Roots blower or air compressor to generate a positive pressure airflow, pushing bulk materials from the feeding point to the end of the pipeline. The materials are conveyed along with the airflow in a closed pipeline and collected at the terminal through a separation device.
This method is suitable for medium and long distances, large conveying capacities, and multi-point unloading conditions. The system operates stably and has strong conveying capacity, making it widely used in industrial pneumatic conveying systems.
Negative Pressure Conveying
Negative pressure conveying is a method that utilizes a Roots vacuum pump or a vacuum system to create negative pressure at the end of the pipeline, thereby drawing material from the supply point into the pipeline for conveyance. Since the entire system is maintained in a negative pressure state, it effectively prevents dust leakage and reduces environmental pollution.
This method is suitable for short to medium distances and multi-point feeding conditions, especially for industries such as food and pharmaceuticals that have high requirements for cleanliness.
Types of Pneumatic Conveying
Dense Phase Conveying
Dense-phase conveying is a pneumatic conveying method that operates at low conveying speeds and high material concentrations. This method can significantly reduce pipeline wear and minimize material breakage, making it suitable for the stable conveyance of fragile, highly abrasive, or high-value materials.
Dilute Phase Conveying
Dilute-phase conveying is a pneumatic conveying method that operates at high conveying speeds and low material concentrations. This method boasts high conveying capacity and a simple system structure, making it suitable for long-distance, high-output continuous conveying applications.
Positive Pressure Dilute Phase Conveying
Positive Pressure Dense Phase Conveying
Negative Pressure Dilute Phase Conveying
Related Cases
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